本文探讨了远程无线控制home security circuit using which enables the detection of a possible intrusion way in advance depending on how and where the remote sensors are positioned over the selected strategic locations and the desired distance from the house. The idea was requested by Mr. Dave Monette.
The request is in the form of an email discussion between Mr. Dave and me, as presented below:
技术规格
我和儿子想到了一个非常有用的项目。我是一名机械工程师,但已经在电路中涉足了一段时间。
无线家庭安全巡回赛项目可能有许多应用程序,但对我们来说是鹿狩猎季节。通常,鹿似乎没有警告就偷偷摸摸我们,但它们几乎总是使用几条破旧的道路之一。目标是在到达之前先发出一些预警警告。
I was thinking to mount some sort of PIR circuit (must be self powered because no line power in the woods) to a tree along each of the 4 or 5 main paths the deer will travel. Once the PIR is tripped by the deer it would have to send some sort of signal to the blind we sit in.
I was thinking of a box with five LEDs labeled "path 1", "path 2", etc. The signal would have to have very little delay. Ideally the signal would be able to be transmitted up to 200 yards, although if the range were less it would still be helpful.
当木板/盒子上的灯光亮起时,如果伴随着低听觉的音调(不太响,所以也不会吓到鹿),那将是不错的转弯后15-60秒(因此,如果鹿快速沿着小径移动时,我们不会错过光线。
你怎么看?我们已经讨论了将近一年的项目,但是我没有与任何专家联系,并且在我的电气/电子功能之外都不在。
戴夫·莫内特(Dave Monette)(和15岁的儿子柯林)
P.S.我喜欢您的www.addme-blog.com网站。我从阅读和研究电路方面学到了很多东西。电路设计真的让我感兴趣。
Analyzing the Circuit Request
谢谢亲爱的戴夫,我非常感谢您的想法!
您的文章非常好,我希望我可以将其用作我的网站的新文章
无论您不知不觉中,您说过的话对我非常敏感和伤害,所以请赦免我,因为它与动物的残酷有联系,所以我将无法为您提供帮助。
赃物,
抱歉,如果我对狩猎行为冒犯了您,但是正如我所说,我可以想到这样的实时设备的多种用途。我们住在一大堆树木茂密的物业上,有几条小径从房屋的外部通往房屋。拥有这样的设备将作为个人保护的预警。
还有一件赃物,我们住在密歇根州,我们(实际上)在涉及鹿 /车辆遭遇的交通死亡人数上(实际上)领导着国家。
如果人们不在密歇根州狩猎,那么由于鹿的人口过多,每年都会丧生100次生命。
即使在密歇根州狩猎的所有人(去年在狩猎季节里拿走了超过50万鹿),鹿的人口也在增加。鹿的繁殖速度比密歇根州可用的食物来源快。
Last year alone, over 25,000 deer were found dead from starvation or malnutrition.
希望您能在心中看到它,以帮助我们完成这个项目。
我告诉我儿子你是个巫师,我们甚至一起研究了您的一些电路。就像我之前说过的,在狩猎之外,这种设备有很多用途。
Hope to hear from you soon Swag. Thanks for writing me back, Dave M.
回复:
我了解戴夫,无论哪种方式,这对可怜的动物来说都是痛苦的死亡。与其通过杀戮来控制,采用节育策略来最大程度地减少其人口会更好吗?
无论如何,我会尝试弄清楚它并想象它是其他应用程序需要的...正如您所说,该设计也可以用作警告设备。
我会设计它,并尽快通知您。我非常感谢Collin和您对我的网站的看法,非常感谢!
Thank you Swag. I talked with a guy at my work (Chrysler) and explained the concept to him. Immediately, he said "that would be perfect for home security".
他居住在40英亩的土地上,并知道汽车或卡车将他的5座桥 /车道中的任何一个都经过他的财产。离他家最远的桥梁约为0.25英里(约1300英尺)。
目前,他在每个车道上都设置了越野摄像机,但这并没有告诉他实时的卡车出现。
He said the ground between his house and the farthest driveway is mostly flat and moderately wooded.
他说,您看不到他房子俯瞰树木的最远的桥。
我和儿子都很高兴与您合作。
戴夫
该设计
拟议的遥控太阳能无线安全电路可以在以下解释的帮助下理解:
在我的早期文章中,我解释了一个简单但万无一失的接近传感器或运动检测器,该传感器或运动检测器采用红外信号来发现并反映入侵者在该区域内的存在,并触发警报。
在以下文章中可以全面学习该设计:
Simple Proximity Detector Circuit
与PIR对应物相比,由于其简单性,更好的准确性和成本效益,在当前的家庭安全系统中也使用了相同的概念。
在此设计而不是PIR传感器中,采用了普通的红外光电二极管,如下图:
示意图

二极管如何工作
In the design, D1 and D2 form the IR transmitter and the Receiver devices respectively and are positioned somewhat parallel with each other or with a certain angle, and pointing towards the zone which needs to be monitored.
D1 is allowed to produce a continuous oscillating IR signal focused towards the restricted zone, and if an intruder tried to pass across this zone the transmitted signal is expected to hit the intruder and get reflected towards D2, which is instantly captured by D2 for further precessing.
为什么使用LM567
Here the IC LM567 is configured as a tuned IR transmitter/receiver stage which becomes responsible of generating IR signal via D1 at a given frequency, determined by R3/C2, through pin#5.
上面的条件还使IC可以在其销钉#3上完全响应该频率,并拒绝任何不同频率的流浪信号。
When the reflected IR signal is detected by D2, the frequency is immediately recognized by pin#3 of the IC and processed internally such that pin#8 of the IC is rendered low in response to the detection.
但是,只要IR射线不断从入侵者体内反射,并且在入侵者逃脱的那一刻,就可以维持上述情况。
为了将延迟引入上述过程,无论检测时间如何,都可以看到IC 555单个阶段与IC LM567的引脚#8集成。
IC 555的角色
As soon as a low is sent at pin#8 of the IC LM567, the IC 555 is instantly triggered causing its pin#3 to go high and remain latched for some predetermined period, as determined by the values of R9/C5.
Pin#3 of the IC555 can be seen connected with a relay which is expected to toggle in this situation and stay activated for the calculated period of delay.
对于不需要遥控操作的安全系统,可以在所示的继电器触点上连接警笛或警报以获得最终结果。
使用遥控模块
但是,由于在我们的应用程序中,打算使用遥控器控制电路,因此我们使用继电器激活来切换RF发射器阶段,如下所述:
如今,现成的RF发射器,接收器模块在市场上很常用,可以用于讨论的应用程序。
这些模块以开放组装的PCB板的形式可用,我已经在本网站上解释了相关帖子,您可能会在以下帖子中瞥见它:
如文章中所述,需要适当地接线,以实施该目的。
人们可以选择构建上述电路,并与与上述IR电路的IC 555阶段相关的继电器触点连接一个发射器开关。
Or if the assembly looks tough, one may simply buy a set of neatly assembled ready made unit as shown below:

How the Tx and Rx Modules Work
从上图中可以看出,现成的TX,RX模块将在上述形状中可用。
右侧是TX或发射机手机,我们需要在红色按钮下与我们IC 555阶段的中继触点下打开和集成微型开关的两个焊点。
The module could be possibly powered with a 3V button cell which would need to be removed and the +/- terminals appropriately connected with a 3V regulated DC source.
带有蓝色继电器的左侧模块是RX或接收器模块,该模块应该从TX模块接收传输信号并相应地切换蓝色继电器。
本单元应该安装在基站或需要告知可能入侵的房屋,而TX电路以及IR检测器一起需要将其连接在一起专注于整个区域。
如何连接遥控模块
RX单元的接线详细信息可以如下图所述学习:

如上图中所示的RX单元的继电器触点可以与audible alarm system或任何其他所需的可记录警报系统的形式。
在上面的讨论中,我们了解了有关提议的遥控家庭安全电路系统的建筑物和安装的详细信息,现在是时候确定如何通过太阳能充电电池电路来供电的TX。
如何构建太阳能DC UPS
The following image tells us regarding how simply a solar powered 5V uninterruptible supply may be achieved using a small solar panel and a 7805 voltage IC.
上述无线家庭安全电路的太阳能5V电池充电器电路

上面的5V太阳能电池充电器电路可用于为远程检测器发射器组件供电,整个系统与面板一起使用,电路可以放在树上或某种钢筋的钢结构上,并适当地伪装。
这是关于廉价却有效的家庭安全巡回赛的文章,该文章使用户能够预先检测入侵,这可能会在车道或通道中遥远地发生,最终导致用户的房屋。
The article details only one such module, although many such self contained remote IR modules may be built and installed across zig-zag lanes, enabling multiple tracking and detection for the target.
Feedback from Mr. Dave
哇赃物,我印象深刻。我有一些简单的问题:
1.简单的按钮样式TX和RX可以预期什么类型的范围
图片中显示的模块对?(也许最大100m ??)
2。What would/could you use if the requirement was say 1000m? (I see guys flying FPV
在线无人机或飞机超过5000m)
3. TX/RX模块对1000m的昂贵?你能建议一个
型号还是要购买的位置?
4.您的示意图上有几个景点,您的标签是“ 4v9”,我认为这必须
mean 4.9V when using a 5.0V battery. Am I reading the schematic right??
Thanks so much. Now I need to order the parts and get building.
谢谢Dave =)
这是答案:
1)是的,对于指定的TX,RX模块,该范围约为100米
2) There are a few long range options available online, there's one that uses the IC PT2262 and is assigned to provide a good 2km range, the datasheet of the device may be studied in the following link:
https://pdf.datasheetcatalog.com/datasheet/PrincetonTechnologyCorporation/mXusxsq.pdf
但是,继电器阶段不包括在您可能拥有的模块中
to associate for the required actions. It can be simply done by
将继电器驱动器阶段与RX模块的“ Out”引脚集成。
3)指示的费用似乎约为18美元.....
4)是的,您完全正确阅读了原理图:)
By the way if you prefer to use a PIR circuit, you may switch to the
以下设计。
//www.addme-blog.com/2014/09/automatic-pir-controllold-fan-circuit.html
此致
Swag
如果首选PIR而不是讨论的IC 567调整IR设计,则可以通过将PIR系统与RF模块集成在一起,如下图所示:

上面的无线安全电路是自我解释的,相关组件只需按照上图中的给定指令即可接线。
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